SOME PRE-REQUISITE TOPICS TO REVIEW 

-- Flux, Luminosity, and the Magnitude Scale

-- Properties of stars 
     Mass, Surface Temperature, Luminosity
     Wien's Law,  Stefan-Boltzmann law
     Dependence of Main Sequence Luminosity on Radius and Temperature
    The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram 

-- MK Classification  of stars 
      Spectral type (OBAFGKM) of stars 
      Luminosity Class of stars
  
-- Lifetime of low and high mass stars  
     Principle of nuclear fusion 

-- Evolution and  End-phases  of low and high mass stars


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   EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO ANSWER

1.   Flux, Luminosity, and the Magnitude Scale  
a)   Relationship between flux, luminosity, and distance
b)   Relationship between apparent magnitude, absolute magnitude,  and  distance 
c)   Relationship between color (e.g., B-V color) and luminosity in the B and V bands 


2)  What is  range of masses, luminosities, and surface  temperatures of stars?
 
3a)  Wien's law .  At what wavelengths do stars of different temperatures emit most of
        their flux ?
3b)  The  Stefan-Boltzmann law relating flux and surface temperature of a star
3c)  How does a star's luminosity L depends on its surface  temperature T and radius R? 

4a)  The Hertzsprung-Russell  or H-R diagram  (relating L, T, R) 
4b)  The Mk Classification  System  
              MK  =  (Spectral Type  OBAFGKM,  Luminosity  Class I to V)
4c)  The main sequence,  giants, supergiants and white dwarfs on the   H-R diagram


5.  Principle of nuclear fuision 
a) How do stars generate their luminosity on  the main sequence ?   
b) How does fusion of H to He  generates energy ?
c) How many kg of H does the Sun fuse into He each second in order to generate its luminosity?
d) Advanced fusion of  He and heavier elements
e) Why is fusion of Iron the last stage of fusion in the core of massive stars?

6.  Life and death of stars 
a).  How does the main sequence lifetime differ for high and low mass stars? 
b)  How do  end-products differ for high and low mass stars?