AST 386C


PROPERTIES OF

GALAXIES


Instructor: Harriet Dinerstein
Semester: Fall 1997
Room: RLM 15.216B
Meeting Times: MWF 10:00-11:00

INSTRUCTOR'S STATEMENT: This required ("core") course is designed to provide a broad introduction to the current state of knowledge about the structure and evolution of our own Galaxy and other galaxies. In addition to such classical topics as stellar populations, Galactic rotation, and morphological classification of galaxies, I will emphasize recent developments in this rapidly changing field. The first half of the course will concentrate on the Milky Way; in the second half we will go on to discuss properties of galaxies in general. A preliminary (and very ambitious) list of topics is given below; some of these may have to be omitted or only sketchily covered. Expect a relatively empirical approach to much of the material; I am an observational astronomer! (Little emphasis will be given to cosmology, which will be the subject of an entire separate course, to be taught by Paul Shapiro in the spring 1998 semester.) We will begin the course with a lecture-style format, but later on in the semester there will be more student participation, in the form of oral reports and/or student-led discussions of journal articles.
TEXTBOOKS: The usual textbooks are Mihalas & Binney (1981), Galactic Astronomy: Structure and Kinematics, 2nd edition, and Binney & Tremaine (1987), Galactic Dynamics. We will use neither of these as a primary text. Mihalas & Binney is out of date and currently out of print. Binney & Tremaine is an excellent reference for its subject but has too narrow a focus for my purposes in this course. Instead, I have ordered the following two books, which together provide reasonably thorough, up-to-date coverage of the fields of Galactic (Milky Way) and (extra)galactic astronomy respectively. These will be available for purchase at the Austin bookstores in the fall.
  • The Milky Way as a Galaxy, 1990, by Gerard Gilmore, Ivan King, and Pieter van der Kruit (University Science Books). Lecture Notes for the Saas-Fee Advanced Course No. 19.

  • Galaxies and Cosmology, by F. Combes, P. Boisse, A. Mazure, and A. Blanchard (Springer-Verlag), original French edition published in 1991, English translation by M. Seymour 1995.

PART I: THE MILKY WAY AS A GALAXY

Components of the Galaxy: star counts, extinction, stellar luminosity and mass functions, stellar populations, distribution of stars and gas

Stellar Kinematics: velocity components, dispersions, and ellipsoid; Galactic rotation, stellar orbits

Stellar Dynamics: the Oort limit; evidence for dark matter from the rotation curve

Formation and Evolution of the Milky Way: the "ELS" picture vs. the "clusters-first" scenario

PART II: THE UNIVERSE OF GALAXIES

Morphological Classification: uses and limitations

Quantitative Properties: Faber-Jackson and Tully-Fisher relations, the "fundamental plane"

Ellipticals: triaxial galaxies, merger hypothesis

Spirals: "grand-design" vs. flocculent, role of spiral density waves

Galaxy-Galaxy Interactions: tidal effects, ring galaxies, mergers

The Extragalactic Distance Scale; Active Galactic Nuclei (brief introductions to these subjects)

Galaxy Ensembles (Clusters) and Evolution (luminosity, chemical, and morphological)